Unicode Goodness

12 11 2008

This post is in response to a couple of people asking me how to set up Unicode input on a Mac. If it’s more broadly useful, excellent.

If you’re someone who uses languages with character sets other than Roman (i.e. what this post is written with) with any frequency, then you need to do this. Stop stuffing around with fonts that pretend to show other languages, start writing properly with the right characters.

If you’re a Biblical scholar or student, this means you.

If you need more convincing, or if you want a brief overview of what the heck Unicode is and why it matters, Joe Weaks has an excellent overview aimed at those who work with the original Biblical languages.

Note: The following instructions are for the Mac. If you use Windows, then you’ll have to look further afield (actually, just in the Control Panel/Language settings).

Step 1:

Go get the Tyndale House Font Kit for Mac. It includes a couple of keyboard maps plus the Cardo Font, which is pretty good (not perfect, but useful nonetheless).

Step 2:

Unzip it.
Drag the Hebrew keyboard layout to Library/Keyboard Layouts.
You don’t need the Greek layout.

Step 3:

Open up System Preferences, select ‘International’, then ‘Input Menu’.

Find the Greek Polytonic Layout, and the HebrewTH layout you just installed. Select them.

Also check the ’show input menu in menu bar’. This will put a flag up in the menu bar. You can click this flag to select your input source:

inputmenubar.png

I prefer a keyboard shortcut to cycle through these. I’ve set it to be option-space (since I have cmd-space as spotlight, and ctrl-space for quicksilver). Repeatedly hitting this shortcut toggles back and forth between the previously selected keyboard and the current one. Hitting option-shift-space cycles through the list.

This is what my preference window looks like (it might only group the selected layouts together when you open it up next):

internationalprefs.png

Note the Greek Polytonic and HebrewTH keyboard layouts selected along with the Australian one.

How do I use it?

When you’re typing, hit ⌥-space, ανδ σταρτ τυπινγ ιν Γρεεκ. Hit it again, and back to Latin characters. Hit ⇧⌥-space, and you get Hebrew: ברא אדמ. It works pretty well.

Cardo is a nice font that covers the full set of Hebrew and Greek characters, along with the Latin characters. It’s Latin stuff is pretty awful though, so if you want a font that covers everything without needing to toggle between languages, stick to either Times or Helvetica.

Hebrew Vowel and Accent points

The HebrewTH layout, whilst being quite sensibly laid out and easy to use, fails to cover certain oft-used marks, such as composite vowels. To get to these, open up the Character Palette, which is one of the options in the menu when you click on that flag in the menu bar.

If you navigate to the Hebrew section, you’ll be able to insert all manner of accents, vowels, and cantillation marks. Below is an example, with the best approximation to the ‘accent’ marker used by many Hebrew grammars, the ‘ole’ cantillation point:

Picture 2.png

Voila (Olé!).





A picture worth about 250 words

13 06 2008

Working much like the category cloud you see in the right column of your browser window, in which categories with more related posts receive greater size and prominence, Wordle is ‘a toy for generating word clouds’. It takes a slab of text, either typed/pasted in or uploaded as a file, and creates quite beautiful word pictures by giving greater emphasis to more frequent words.

As an example, here’s my recent doctrine essay, on the relationship between the doctrine of the Trinity and the doctrine of the church:

In this one, I like it how ‘divine’, ‘perichoretic’, and ‘persons’ are all clustered together. Random, but nice.

Wordle provides some rudimentary controls for tweaking the layout, colour, and font. It’s quite fun playing around to create something that looks quite appealing, and actually communicates quite a lot of information.

See if you can guess what my sermon for this Sunday is about:

 

[UPDATE: Justin proposes the wordle test for sermons; Michael puts his PhD through its paces.]





Not convinced of the value

27 05 2008

For mac users, Accordance version 8 is now out. It looks like there’s a couple of bugs still being worked through (the universal binary didn’t have the help file for a while), so if you’re keen on getting it maybe wait a couple of days.

To be frank, I’m not that impressed with the feature list. The big one is that it’s now a universal binary, which means that on newer Intel-based macs (read: any mac that has been available in the last 2 years or so) it should run with fewer system resources. That’s good, but I’ve never really noticed it being particularly power-hungry anyway, so it’s one of those features that I probably won’t notice much.

More advanced search features sound cool, but I’m yet to be convinced of their utility. Horizontal panes of bible texts - meh.

And the final thing they’re trumpeting is Unicode import. This means you can type/paste unicode characters into the search field and it will actually work, as opposed to now where it simply doesn’t recognise the characters. Presumably you can still export to unicode, but there is no mention of upgraded fonts, so my frustrations continue. The beautiful fonts used to render Greek and Hebrew within Accordance remain accessible only to those who own Accordance. In order to share work effectively, you need to use a sub-standard font, which is really annoying.

I’m amazed that unicode is still not used internally. I’ve done some coding on mac, and it’s really not that difficult to support as far as the programming tools go. Font creation and modification is not impossible either. There must be an awful lot of legacy code that they’re unwilling to change, and very few programmers, over at Accordance HQ. At some point they’re going to have to strip it back and rework it properly, and the longer they wait, the bigger the job will be.

My conclusion? I’m nowhere near impressed enough to shell out for an upgrade. Feel free to convince me otherwise.





Age shall weary them

26 05 2008

Walking home today I passed an old Greek man sitting out in the sun on a park bench, listening to the Greek news on an old, tiny, black plastic transistor radio. Old habits die hard, it seems.

(NB - it might have been the news… or talkback radio, the soccer, or anything else. It could have been Italian, or Croatian for all I know. My European languages are not what they could be… yet.)

So it got me thinking. When those of our generation are in their eighties, will we sit around on park benches with laptops reading blogs, while young punks walk past with smiles at our antiquated ways? Or as a generation relatively conversant with technology, will we also have the neuro-cannular jack too?





Språk

6 05 2008

 

After this I looked and there before me was a great multitude that no one could count, from every nation, tribe, people and language, standing before the throne and in front of the Lamb. They were wearing white robes and were holding palm branches in their hands.  And they cried out in a loud voice:

“Salvation belongs to our God, who sits on the throne, and to the Lamb.” 

- Revelation 7:9-10

 

One thing that I’m going to do in heaven is learn all the languages of the people there. I’ll have enough time… I’m thinking of it as my little project for eternity.

As it stands at the moment: 5 (partially) down, about 6995 to go. Arguably some universal grammar might help me - I might even understand English grammar by the end of it too. Or maybe not.

 

When we’ve been there ten thousand years,
Bright shining as the sun,
We’ve no less days to sing God’s praise
Than when we’ve first begun.

- Amazing Grace

 

(PS - in case you’re wondering, språk is Swedish for ‘language’, and, incidentally, was the title of my language workbooks when I studied it some years ago).





Paradigmatic 0.3.0

17 04 2008

I’ve updated Paradigmatic quite a lot recently. You can download the beta version 0.3.0 and give it a whirl; it should be much more functional than the last version.

A full list of what’s changed can be found at http://www.freney.org-a.googlepages.com/paradigmatic

The paradigm data entered so far covers all the standard paradigms (all stems, for both פקד and קטל, depending on your preference), plus all I-guttural and I-aleph forms. Isolated other paradigms exist, but don’t count on it.

If you try it, please let me know what works, what doesn’t. Let me know any mistakes I’ve made in paradigms (some I’ve had to make educated guesses for) - you can edit them yourself, but unless I’ve got it right at my end the next time you update the program it will overwrite your changes. This is something I may change in the future, but it’s hard to do gracefully, so I’m putting it off for when I have a little more time. Tell me if something doesn’t quite work how you think it ought to work.

Hope it’s useful for someone (other than me, that is).





Paradigmatic - almost ready-ish

9 04 2008

My paradigm program has been a work in progress for some time. It’s getting pretty functional now, however, and I’m just about to try and inflict it on some friends so they can do some beta-testing and mistake-spotting for me (if you’d like to join them, speak up).

I’ve got the entire regular verb table entered, and a handful of other paradigms. In short, useful for first-year Hebrew students, and those of us who have forgotten some of the basics.

[UPDATE: Link should now work.] If you would like to try it out, you can download Paradigmatic 0.2.0, and give it a go. Please leave feedback on what works, what doesn’t, what you wish it would do, behaviour that you find baffling, etc.

I’ve got a fairly robust viewer, which will display any paradigms already in the database. It doesn’t auto-populate the lists, which I would eventually like to do (i.e. if you select the עמד paradigm, it will only fill it with the available stems/aspects that have been entered for that root), but it works ok for a 0.2 release, at least. Looks good with the Cardo font (and even better on my system, where I’ve hacked the meteg character so that it displays to the left of a vowel, like it should… rather than in the middle).

Paradigmatic Viewer Window

The editor will ultimately be something that a standard user shouldn’t ever need to touch, but the entry system will form the basis of a testing branch that is still on the list of things to do. The editor window allows adding and deleting of whole paradigms, and adding/editing of relevant entries.

Paradigmatic Editor Window

The entry panel, which slides down on top of the editor window, is totally mouse-driven. I’m not sure how user-friendly it would be to add in keyboard support… let me know if you have strong opinions one way or the other. To change the entry, click on the relevant letter and select a value from the contextual menu (left-click for vowels, right/ctrl-click for consonants, cmd-click for punctuation). Hopefully it’s relatively easy to use.

Paradigmatic Entry Pane

Known issues:

- Copy/Paste only sort-of-works: it copies a selected entry (from the entry panel) fine, and can paste it into another entry… but subsequent copy operations do not replace this data. Hmmm.

- The editor window paradigm table (in the top left) doesn’t sort properly to start with.

- Hebrew fonts for Mac kinda suck. I’m using Cardo, but it doesn’t cope properly with Meteg characters. New Peninim MT is ok, but lacks accent and meteg characters, so letters that incorporate them bork and revert to the ugly default, which I think is Arial. If you install Cardo on your system, it will mostly look ok, but you might have trouble making out dagesh points in thin characters, or meteg characters on most vowels. Bah.

Things to work on in the near future (amongst others):

- (Optionally) populate paradigm with relevant data when first created, i.e. if Jussive paradigm created, populate it with Wayyiqtol entries minus initial prefix. This will be intelligent, such that if nothing is found from the same root, it will try other roots with similar irregularities, before defaulting back to the standard paradigm

- Testing function - compare a user’s input with a the saved version of the paradigm

- User-specific data - saving user-modifications in an external file, so that any edits will not be overwritten in a future update.

[Thanks to Bathgate for the icon.]





The brain is an amazing thing

6 02 2008

In highschool, I studied Indonesian for 6 years, doing 3-unit HSC indo in year 12 (that’s probably ‘extension’ in today’s parlance, if it’s even offered). That was 1998.

Since then, I’ve barely used it at all. We spent a year at church with some Indonesians, at Unichurch UNSW, but I didn’t really say anything at all. I listened to some conversations, at least the ones that weren’t in a local dialect (like Javanese, for example), and could sometimes make out the general gist. I tried to understand the occasional song at church. I was never that good at listening skills in Indo anyway.

But today, I went to the blog of Andrew Buchanan. He’s a Christian Missionary in Indonesia, teaching at a Bible college in Toraja, on the island of Sulawesi. The blog is in Indo… and the surprising thing is that I could read most of it. There were a few words that didn’t make any sense to me (some are, perhaps, ‘technical’ Christian jargon?), and a bunch of others that I recognised as knowing once-upon-a-time, but in general I could understand what he was writing about.

This is my brain understanding a language that I essentially haven’t used in 9 1/2 years, a brain that has had to learn 3 other (completely different) languages since.

Whoa.

[image link: http://arapehlivanian.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/01/homer-brain.jpg]





Updated vocab

14 01 2008

I’ve updated my Moore College set text ProVoc files. See the Downloads page for details.





To internet forum users everywhere

11 01 2008

Two things:

  • When you agree with something stated previously, it’s “hear, hear”, not “here, here”.
  • If you ask people to go with you on some point for a while, please do not ask them to “bare with you”. That’s a little scary.

That is all. For now. 





For the Hebrew nerds

18 11 2007

מִי־אֶתֵּן וְהָיִיתִי לְבָבִי זֶה לִי לְבוֹן אֶת־‏עִבְרִי וְשְׁמַרוֹ לְעֲשֹׂתוֹ׃

(cf. Deut 5:29)





More vocab

31 10 2007

I’ve passed some of these around already, but I’ve submitted my global NT Greek and OT Hebrew vocab files to Provoc (a great mac program that I’ve written about before in the context of the Moore College set texts). They cover all of the words in the NT & OT respectively, and are sorted by frequency. They’re grammatically tagged (by masc/fem noun, verb, adjective, etc.), and unicode so you can choose your font.

You can fetch them from the vocab section of the provoc website, or the direct links are listed out on my downloads page - I won’t replicate them here.

Enjoy.





Speaking of Summer Projects

3 08 2007

Speaking of summer projects, I’ve been thinking of useful programs that I would like to have, and can’t find anywhere. My technical side has been itching a little, so I want to scratch it a little by diving into some mac programming.I’ve posted recently about a good vocab tester, but I can’t find anything that will test grammar paradigms. For those of you who don’t learn other languages in your spare time, a paradigm is a table which lays out how a verb is used in different contexts, e.g.

He is
You are
I am

There isn’t very much variation in English, but the verb ‘to be’ (is/are/am) demonstrates it about as well as is possible.

In Greek and Hebrew (and a bunch of languages other than English, such as French or German) there is considerable variation in the way verbs look when they are attached to certain subjects. If the subject (the person ‘doing’ the verb) is masculine or feminine, 3rd person/2nd person/1st person, singular or plural - all of these effect how you construct the verb. This is a pain to learn, but is really nifty in the text, as it can define clearly what a given verb relates to, thus in certain cases resolving ambiguity.

It does, however, give a lot of different forms to learn for the language student. Furthermore, I haven’t found anything that effectively tests these forms.

So I thought I’d make one.

Paradigmatic-RootI’ve hacked together some preliminary ideas, as you can see in some screenshots. I’m aiming at this stage to implement an editor (so that you can import paradigm tables, change them, etc), a viewer so you can learn them initially, a test mode which will allow you to check your knowledge against the database, and finally a ‘parsing’ mode which requires you to identify a particular form.

I’ve got together a basic editor (which is not very easy to use at this stage), and a viewer. It’s basic, and not terribly attractive, but it’s a start. As I said, it’s probably another project for summer.

Paradigmatic-Editor


Paradigmatic-Viewer

If you would find such a program useful, let me know in the comments, and let me know what you would put in it if you could.